Anyone who made a substantial contribution to the work may be included in the author list. All authors of each manuscript are responsible for the entire paper and must have agreed that the corresponding author has the authority to act on their behalf of all matters pertaining to publication of the manuscript. To avoid any possible dispute during the processing, changes to authorship (including the order of authors' names) during revision must be agreed upon by all of the authors and brought to the editor's attention in the cover letter submitted with the revised version.

   Manuscripts dealing with any experimental work on humans or animals should meet the relevant regulations or requirements imposed by the institutional or governmental authorities, and this should be clearly stated in the manuscript.Copies of these regulations and guidelines must be available for review by the editor if necessary. The editors reserve the right to reject papers if ethical aspects are in doubt.

   Page charges are currently 40,000 Korean won (35 US dollar) per page. A page charge form is sent along with page proofs and a reprint order form to the corresponding author prior to publication. Invited mini reviews are not subject to page charges.

   By publishing in JM, the authors agree that any microbial strains, plasmids, viruses, or other materials such as prions or cell lines newly described in the articles be available in a timely fashion to members of the scientific community for noncommercial purposes.
   JM strongly encourages the authors to deposit important strains in publicly accessible culture collections and to refer to these collections and strain numbers in the manuscript. The authors should indicate laboratory strain designations and donor source when individuals distribute the culture or subculture specimen.

   Any novel nucleotide or amino acid sequences described should be deposited in a public database, such as GenBank, EMBL or DDBJ, and the accession numbers should be included in a separate paragraph in the Materials and Methods section. It is expected that the sequence data will be publicly available no later than the publication of the article.

   Supplementary material may consist of information that cannot readily be displayed in printed version because of space or technical limitations. Such material may include data from microarray, structural, biochemical, or video image analysis. It is reviewed along with the paper and must be approved by the editors and referees. Instead of appearing in the printed version of the journal, it willbe published in SpringerLink (http://www.springerlink.com/content/120956) at the time of publication.

   All manuscripts are reviewed confidentially by members of the editorial board or qualified reviewers. When a manuscript is submitted to JM, it is given a manuscript number and assigned to one of the members of the board for review. The manuscript number should be referred to in any subsequent communications between the corresponding author and the editor or the Editorial Office. The reviewers operate under the Guidelines for Reviewers and are expected to complete their reviews as soon as possible. The corresponding author is generally notified of the reviewers' decision to accept, reject, or require modification or revision from the editor or the Editorial Office within 4 weeks of submission.
   When a manuscript is returned to the corresponding author for modification or revision, it should be returned to the editor within 2 months, or it may be considered withdrawn. The authors should supply the Authors’ Checklist and Response to the editor along with the modified or revised manuscript. Manuscripts that have been rejected or withdrawn may be resubmitted if the major criticisms have been properly addressed. As with the initial submission, resubmitted manuscripts should be accompanied by a cover letter stating that the manuscript is a resubmission and describing in detail what changes have been made. The same editor that handled the original submission will normally handle the resubmitted manuscript.

   When an editor has decided that a manuscript is acceptable for publication, the corresponding author and the editorial office will be notified. The Editorial Office will check if the manuscript was prepared according to the guidelines, however the authors are primarily responsible for the format and quality of the paper. The editor of the JM will complete the assignment of editing after the manuscript is considered to meet the prescribed standards.

   The Editorial Office sends printed page proofs and a page charge/reprint order form to the corresponding author. The page proofs should be corrected, signed by the corresponding author and mailed back to the editorial office within 48 hours, however extensive corrections, additions, or deletions should not be made during the proof stage. Important new information or references of unpublished data or personal communications that have become available in the time between acceptance of the manuscript and receipt of the proofs may be inserted with the permission of the editor. Otherwise, changes are limited to correction of spelling errors, incorrect data, and grammatical errors and updated information regarding references.

   Reprint charge is currently 50,000 Korean won (45 USD) for the initial 50 copies. Extra copies are available for 30,000 Korean won (25 USD) per additional 50 copies. It can be ordered and purchased through the page charge/reprint order form that is sent to the corresponding author prior to publication.

   Regular papers are considered the usual format of JM. Each manuscript should present the results of an independent and cohesive study. Thus, numbered series titles are not allowed. Avoid the main title/subtitle arrangement, complete sentences and unnecessary articles. A regular paper should include all of the elements described in this sections.
   The entire manuscript, including the figure legends, table legends, and References, should be double spaced and pages should be numbered. Manuscript pages should have line numbers. The font size should not be larger than 12.
   JM strongly recommends using the past tense to narrate particular events in the past, including procedures, observations, and data pertaining to the study that you are reporting. Use the present tense for your own general conclusions, conclusions of previous researchers, and generally accepted facts. Thus, most of the Abstract, Materials and Methods, and Results sections will be in the past tense, and most of the Introduction and Discussion sections will be in the present tense.
   Manuscripts may be editorally rejected on the basis of poor English or lack of format conformity to the Instructions.

   On the title page, include the title, running title (not to exceed 10 words), name of each author, address(es) of the institution(s) where the work was performed, each author's affiliation, and a footnote indicating the present address of any author no longer at the institution where the work was performed. Place an asterisk after the name of the corresponding author.

   The abstract should not exceed 250 words, and should concisely summarize the basic content of the paper. Experimental details should not be presented in the abstract. Avoid abbreviations and do not include references or diagrams. Provide less than six key words at the bottom of the Abstract.

   The introduction should supply sufficient background information to allow the reader to understand and evaluate the results of the present study without referring to previous publications on the topic. The introduction should also provide the rationale for the present study. Use only those references required to provide the most salient background rather than an extensive review of the topic.

   The Materials and Methods section should include sufficient technical information to allow the experiments to be repeated. Give enough information about the maker and model of instrument, operating conditions and other details of the experimental procedures. For commonly used materials and methods (media and protein determinations for example) a simple reference is sufficient.
   Enzyme purifications or procedures should be described as briefly as possible. If several alternative methods are commonly used, it is helpful to identify the method briefly as well as to cite the reference. Describe new methods or techniques in detail and give sources of unusual chemicals, equipment, or microbial strains so that another investigator can repeat the same procedure. When a large number of microbial strains, mutants, bacteriophages, or plasmids are used, include tables identifying their sources and properties.

   The Results section should include results of the experiments. Extensive interpretation of the results should be reserved for the Discussion section. Present the results as concisely as possible in one of the followings: text, table(s), or figure(s). Avoid extensive use of graphs to present data that might be more concisely presented in the text or tables. Limit photographs, particularly photomicrographs and electron micrographs, to those that are absolutely necessary to show the experimental findings. Number figures and tables in order and be sure to cite all figures and tables in the text.

   The Discussion section should provide an interpretation of the results in relation to previously published works and should not contain extensive repetition of the Results section or reiteration of the Introduction. In short papers, the Results and Discussion sections may be combined.

   Acknowledgements of financial and personal assistance are to be given in a separate paragraph(s) as briefly as possible.

   The References section should include all journal articles, books, patents, and theses cited in the text, tables or figures. Arrange the citations in alphabetical order based on the first author's name. Abbreviate journal names, according to BIOSIS Serial Sources, in italic letters. Cite the references in the text by author name(s) with the publication year. Single-and double-authored papers are cited by both authors' last names, whereas papers with more than three authors are cited by the first author's last name followed by et al. in italic. Other relevant sources, such as articles submitted for publication, unpublished data, or personal communication, should not be listed in this section, but can be cited in the text.
   Follow the styles shown in the examples below.

    Press, Cold Spring Harbor, New York, USA.

   The note format is intended for the presentation of brief observations that do not warrant full-length papers. Submit Notes in the same way as regular papers. They receive the same review and are not considered preliminary communications. Notes should be prepared according to the following guidelines. The abstract should not exceed 100 words. Section headings (Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, Discussion etc.) should not be used in the body of Note. Text should not exceed 2,000 words, excluding the Title page and References, and the number of figures and tables should also be kept to a minimum. Present acknowledgments in a separate paragraph, but do not use a heading. The References section is identical to that of Regular Papers.

   Minireviews are brief summaries of developments in fast moving areas. They must be based on published articles, and may address any subject within the scope of JM. Minireviews are invited by the editors, not solicited and are not subject to editorial review.
   Anyone, wishing to submit minireviews, should provide a potential title and subject of the review article to the editors to seek permission.

   The Erratum section includes correcting errors that occurred during typing, editing, or priting (like as a misspelling, a dropped word) of a published article. Send Errata to the JM editorial office by e-mai l(msk@msk.or.kr).

   The Author's Correction section is for correcting errors of a scientific nature or omission that do not affect the original results of a published article. Send the Corrections of a scientific nature to the JM editorial office by e-mail (msk@msk.or.kr).

   A fast-track process is available for authors who desire quick publication of their papers. Authors should contact the Editorial Office (fax: 82-2-3453-3322, e-mail: msk@msk.or.kr) for fast -track submission. Authors must submit a cover letter stating the novel and significant results of the research and the need for fast-track publication. The review process will be conducted as rapidly as possible, usually within 7-10 working days of receipt, and publication of accepted papers in an issue will follow within 2 months of the date of acceptance. Manuscripts requiring major revisions will not be accepted, but can be considered for normal-track review. Authors will be charged 100,000 KRW per printed page for fast-track publication. Additionally, 100,000 KRW will be charged for the initistion of fast-track review.

   Photographs must be of sufficient contrast to withstand the inevitable loss of contrast and detail inherent in the printing process. Submit one photograph of each figure in the manuscript. Photocopies are not acceptable. If possible, figures submitted should be the size they will appear when published so that no reduction is necessary. If they must be reduced, make sure that all elements, including labeling, can withstand reduction and remain legible. Electron and light micrographs must be direct copies of the original negative. Indicate the magnification with a scale marker on each micrograph.

   Computer-generated images should be the highest-quality and simplest reproduction of illustration(s).

   Color photographs are usually discouraged. However, if necessary, include an extra copy at the time of manuscript submission so that a cost estimate for printing may be obtained. The cost of printing color photographs must be paid by the author.

   Submit graphs, charts, sequences, complicated chemical or mathematical formulas, diagrams, and other drawings as glossy photographs made from finished drawings not requiring additional artwork or typesetting. Computer-generated graphics produced on high-quality laser printers are also acceptable. No part of the graph or drawing should be handwritten. In figure ordinate and abscissa scales as well as table column headings, avoid ambiguous use of numbers with exponents. For example, representation of 10,000 cpm on a figure ordinate should be written as like 10 kcpm. Likewise, the preferred designation for an enzyme activity of 0.06 U/ml would be 60 mU/ml (milliunits per milliliter).

   Nucleic acid sequences of limited length that are the primary subject of a study may be presented freestyle in the most effective format. Submit the sequence as a camera-ready copy of dimensions in standard orientation.

   Legends should provide enough information so that figures are understandable without frequent reference to the text. However, detailed experimental methods must be described in the Materials and Methods section, not in a figure legend. Define all symbols and abbreviations used in the figure.

   Type each table on a separate page. The headings should be sufficiently clear so that the meaning of the data will be understandable without reference to the text. Explanatory footnotes should not include detailed descriptions of the experiment. Tables must include enough information to warrant table format.

   Abbreviations should be used as an aid to the reader, rather than as a convenience to the author, and therefore their use should be limited. Abbreviations other than those recommended by the IUPAC-IUB (Biochemical Nomenclature and Related Documents, 1978) should be used only when a case can be made for their necessity, such as in tables and figures. Standard chemical symbols and trivial names or their symbols may normally be used. It is strongly recommended that all abbreviations, except those listed below, be defined and introduced in parentheses the first time they are used.

   The following abbreviations can be used without definition or introduction: bp, kb, Da, DNA, cDNA, RNA, cRNA, DNase, RNase, rRNA, mRNA, tRNA, AMP, ADP, ATP, dAMP, ddATP, GTP, etc. (for the respective 5'phosphates of adenosine and other nucleotides: add 2'-, 3'-, or 5'-when needed), ATPase, dGTPase, etc., NAD, NAD⁺, NADH, NADP, NADPH, NADP⁺, poly(A), poly (dT), etc., oligo(dT), etc., Pi, PPi, UV, PFU, CFU, MIC, Tris, DEAE, A260, EDTA, PCR, AIDS. Abbreviations for cell lines also need not be defined.
The following abbreviations should be used without definition in tables:

   Standard metric units are used for reporting length, weight, and volume. For these units and for molarity, use the prefixes m, μ, n, and p for 10^-3, 10^-6, 10^-9, and 10^-12, respectively. Likewise, use the prefix k for 10³. Avoid compound prefixes such as mμ or μμ. Use mg/ml or μg/g in place of the ambiguous ppm. Units of temperature are presented as follows: 37℃ or 310 K. When fractions are used to express units such as enzymatic activies, it is preferable to use whole units. For example, 1.0 “pmol/min” would be preferable to 0.001 “μnmol/min.” It is also preferable that an unambiguous form, such as exponential notation, be used. For example, “mmolg^-1min^-1” is preferable to “mmol/g/min.”

   For simple molecules, isotopic labeling is indicated in the chemical formula. Brackets are no used when the isotopic symbol is attached to the name of a compound that does not contain the element in its natural state (e.g., ³⁵S-ATP) or to a word that is not a specific chemical name (e.g.,¹²⁵I-labeled protein, ¹⁴C-amino acids, ³H-ligands, etc.)
   For specific chemicals, the symbol for the isotope introduced is placed in square brackets directly preceding the part of the name that describes the labeled entity. Note that configuration symbols and modifiers precede the isotopic symbol. The following examples illustrate correct usage: [¹⁴C]urea, L-[methyl-¹⁴C]methionine, [2,3-³H]serine, [α-¹⁴C]lysine, [γ-³²P]ATP, UDP-[U-¹⁴C]glucose, E. coli [³²P]DNA, fructose 1,5-[1-³²P]bisphosphate.
   JM follows the same conventions for isotopic labeling as the Journal of Biological Chemistry, and more detailed information can be found in the instructions to authours of that journal.