| Title | Recent Advances of Nipah Virus Disease: Pathobiology to Treatment and Vaccine Advancement |
|---|---|
| Author | Sagnik Saha1†, Manojit Bhattacharya2†, Sang‑Soo Lee3*, and Chiranjib Chakraborty1*† |
| Address | 1Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Adamas University, Kolkata, West Bengal 700126, India, 2Department of Zoology, Fakir Mohan University, Vyasa Vihar, Balasore 756020, Odisha, India, 3Institute for Skeletal Aging & Orthopaedic Surgery, Hallym University-Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea |
| Bibliography | Journal of Microbiology, 62(10),811–828, 2024, |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12275-024-00168-3 |
| Key Words | NiV outbreak · Drug development · Vaccine · Pathobiology |
| Abstract | The zoonotic infection of the Nipah virus (NiV) has yet again appeared in 2023 in Kerala state, India. The virus, which has a mortality rate ranging from about 40 to 70%, has already infected India five times, the first being in 2001. The current infection is the sixth virus outbreak in the Indian population. In 1998, the first NiV infection was noted in one village in Malaysia. After that, outbreaks from other South and Southeast Asian countries have been reported periodically. It can spread between humans through contact with body fluids. Therefore, it is unlikely to generate a new pandemic. However, there is a considerable knowledge gap in the different areas of NiV. To date, no approved vaccines or treatments have been available. To fulfil the knowledge gap, the review article provided a detailed overview of the genome and genome-encoded proteins, epidemiology, transmission, pathobiology, immunobiology, diagnosis, prevention and control measures, therapeutics (monoclonal antibodies and drug molecules), and vaccine advancement of the emerging and deadly pathogen. The advanced information will help researchers to develop safe and effective NiV vaccine and treatment regimens worldwide. |