| Title |
Detecting Nonculturable Bacteria in the Active Mycorrhizal Zone of the Pine Mushroom Tricholoma matsutake |
| Author |
Ryota Kataoka1, Zaki Anwar Siddiqui1,2, Junichi Kikuchi3, Masaki Ando4, Rina Sriwati1,5, Ai Nozaki4, and Kazuyoshi Futai1* |
| Address |
1Laboratory of Environmental Mycoscience, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan, 2Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh-202002, India, 3Science Education, Nara University of Education, Takabatake-cho, Nara 630-8528, Japan, 4Kyoto Forest Research Institute, Kyotanba-cho honjyo, Funai-gun, Kyoto 629-1121, Japan, 5Field of Plant Protection, Syiah Kuala University, Darussalam Banda Aceh 23111, Indonesia |
| Bibliography |
Journal of Microbiology, 50(2),199-206, 2012,
|
| DOI |
|
| Key Words |
bacterial communities, bacterial populations, PCR-DGGE, Shiro, Tricholoma matsutake |
| Abstract |
The fungus Tricholoma matsutake forms an ectomycorrhizal
relationship with pine trees. Its sporocarps often develop in a
circle, which is commonly known as a fairy ring. The fungus
produces a solid, compact, white aggregate of mycelia and
mycorrhizae beneath the fairy ring, which in Japanese is
called a ‘shiro’. In the present study, we used soil dilution
plating and molecular techniques to analyze the bacterial
communities within, beneath, and outside the T. matsutake
fairy ring. Soil dilution plating confirmed previous reports
that bacteria and actinomycetes are seldom present in the
soil of the active mycorrhizal zone of the T. matsutake shiro.
In addition, the results showed that the absence of bacteria
was strongly correlated with the presence of T. matsutake
mycorrhizae. The results demonstrate that bacteria, especially
aerobic and heterotrophic forms, and actinomycetes,
are strongly inhibited by T. matsutake. Indeed, neither bacteria
nor actinomycetes were detected in 11.3% of 213 soil
samples from the entire shiro area by culture-dependent
methods. However, molecular techniques demonstrated that
some bacteria, such as individual genera of Sphingomonas
and Acidobacterium, were present in the active mycorrhizal
zone, even though they were not detected in soil assays using
the dilution plating technique. |
