Title |
Pyrosequencing reveals bacterial diversity in Korean traditional wheat-based nuruk |
Author |
Jyotiranjan Bal1, Suk-Hyun Yun1, Myoung-Suk Choi1, Soo-Hwan Yeo2, Jung-Mi Kim3, and Dae-Hyuk Kim1* |
Address |
1Department of Molecular Biology, Department of Bioactive Material Sciences, Center for Fungal Pathogenesis, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea, 2Fermented Food Science Division, Department of Agrofood Resource, NAAS, RDA, Wanju-gun 565-851, Republic of Korea, 33Department of Bio-Environmental Chemistry, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Republic of Korea |
Bibliography |
Journal of Microbiology, 53(12),812-819, 2015,
|
DOI |
10.1007/s12275-015-5516-3
|
Key Words |
wheat, nuruk, bacterial diversity, Firmicutes, LAB |
Abstract |
The emerging global importance of Korea’s alcoholic beverages
emphasizes the need for quality enhancement of nuruk,
a traditional Korean cereal starter that is used extensively in
traditional brewing. Apart from fungi and yeasts, bacteria
known to be ubiquitously present are also a part of the nuruk
ecosystem and are known to influence fermentation activity
by influencing fermentation favorable factors. In the current
study, bacterial diversity and temporal variations in the traditional
wheat-based nuruk, fermented at two representative
temperature conditions for 30 days, along with two commercial
wheat-based nuruk samples for comparison analysis were
evaluated using libraries of PCR amplicons and 454 pyrosequencing
targeting of the hypervariable regions V1 to V3
of the 16S rRNA gene. A total of 90,836 16S reads were analyzed
and assigned to a total of 314, 321, and 141 Operational
Taxonomic Units (OTUs) for nuruk A, B, and C, respectively.
Diversity parameters clearly indicated nuruk B to
be more diverse in terms of bacterial composition than nuruk
A. Taxonomic assignments indicated that nuruk A was dominated
by phylum Cyanobacteria, whereas nuruk B was
dominated by phylum Actinobacteria. For both nuruk A and
B, members of the phylum Firmicutes mostly converged into
the family Bacillaceae; these microorganisms might be present
in negligible numbers at the beginning but became significant
as the fermentation progressed. The commercial samples
were predominated by phylum Firmicutes, which is composed
of Lactobacillaceae and Leoconostocaceae. The findings
of this study provide new insights into understanding
the changes in bacterial community structure during traditional
nuruk starter production. |