Title |
Characterization of East-Asian Helicobacter pylori encoding Western EPIYA-ABC CagA |
Author |
Kavinda Tissera1,2,3, Myeong-A Kim2, Jing Lai2, Sacheera Angulmaduwa2, Aeryun Kim4, D. Scott Merrell5, Ji-Hye Kim6*, Hanfu Su1*, and Jeong-Heon Cha1,2* |
Address |
1Affiliated Stomatology Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Basic and Applied Research of Oral Regenerative Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510182, P. R. China, 2Department of Oral Biology, Oral Science Research Center, Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, BK21 FOUR Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Republic of Korea, 3Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Ruhuna, Galle 80000, Sri Lanka, 4Department of Dental Hygiene, Gangdong University, Eumseong 27600, Republic of Korea, 5Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, Maryland 20814, USA, 6Department of Dental Hygiene, Baekseok University, Cheonan 31065, Republic of Korea |
Bibliography |
Journal of Microbiology, 60(2),207-214, 2022,
|
DOI |
10.1007/s12275-022-1483-7
|
Key Words |
Helicobacter pylori, cagA, polymorphism, EPIYA-C
motif, geographic diversity |
Abstract |
The polymorphic bacterial oncoprotein, CagA shows geography-
dependent variation in the C-terminal Glu-Pro-Ile-
Tyr-Ala (EPIYA) motifs; East-Asian H. pylori isolates carry
the ABD type while Western isolates carry the ABC type. In
Western isolates, the EPIYA-C motif is sometimes found in
multi-copy and this genotype is associated with disease severity.
Interestingly, a small number of East-Asian H. pylori
isolates have been found to carry Western ABC-type CagA.
To gain a better understanding of these unusual isolates, the
genomes of four Korean H. pylori clinical isolates carrying
ABC-type CagA were sequenced via third generation (Pac-
Bio SMRT) sequencing technology. The obtained data were
utilized for phylogenetic analysis as well as comparison of
additional virulence factors that are known to show geographic-
dependent polymorphisms. Three of four isolates indeed
belonged to the hpEastAsia group and showed typical East-
Asian polymorphism in virulence factors such as homA/B/C,
babA/B/C, and oipA. One isolate grouped to HpAfrica and
showed typical Western polymorphism of virulence factors
such as cagA, homA/B/C, and oipA. To understand the occurrence
of the multi-copy EPIYA-C motif genotype in an East-
Asian H. pylori background, the Korean clinical isolate, K154
was analyzed; this strain belonged to hpEastAsia but encoded
CagA EPIYA-ABCCCC. Based on DNA sequence homology
within the CagA multimerization (CM) sequence that flanked
the EPIYA-C motifs, we predicted that the number of C motifs
might change via homologous recombination. To test this
hypothesis, K154 was cultured for one generation and 287
single colonies were analyzed for the number of EPIYA-C
motifs using PCR-based screening and DNA sequencing verification.
Three out of 284 (1%) single colony isolates showed
changes in the number of EPIYA-C motifs in vitro; one isolate
increased to five EPIYA-C motifs, one decreased to three
EPIYA-C motifs, and one completely deleted the EPIYA-C
motifs. The capacity for dynamic changes in the number of
EPIYA-C repeats of CagA may play a role in generating important
intraspecies diversity in East-Asian H. pylori. |