| Title | Eco-friendly and efficient in situ restoration of the constructed sea stream by bioaugmentation of a microbial consortium | ||
| Author | Jangyeon Yoo1, In-Soo Kim2, Soo-Hyeon Kim3, Kalu I. Ekpeghere3, Jae-Soo Chang2, Young-In Park4, and Sung-Cheol Koh2* | ||
| Address | 1Department of Convergence Study on Ocean Science and Technology, Korea Institute of Ocean Science and Technology, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea, 2Department Environmental Engineering, Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea, 3Department Civil and Environmental Engineering, Graduate School of Korea Maritime and Ocean University, Busan 49112, Republic of Korea, 4Division of Public Health and Environment, Kosin University, Busan 49104, Republic of Korea | ||
| Bibliography | Korean Journal of Microbiology, 53(2),83-96, 2017 | ||
| DOI | https://doi.org/10.7845/kjm.2017.7038 | ||
| Key Words | Flavobacteriaceae, bioaugmentation, microbial consortium, polluted stream, pyrosequencing, restoration, sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) | ||
| Abstract | A constructed sea stream in Yeongdo, Busan, Republic of Korea is mostly static due to the lifted stream bed and tidal characters, and receives domestic wastewater nearby, causing a consistent odor production and water quality degradation. Bioaugmentation of a microbial consortium was proposed as an effective and economical restoration technology to restore the polluted stream. The microbial consortium activated on site was augmented on a periodic basis (7~10 days) into the most polluted site (Site 2) which was chosen considering the pollution level and tidal movement. Physicochemical parameters of water qualities were monitored including pH, temperature, DO, ORP, SS, COD, T-N, and T-P. COD and microbial community analyses of the sediments were also performed. A significant reduction in SS, COD, T-N, and COD (sediment) at Site 2 occurred showing their removal rates 51%, 58% and 27% and 35%, respectively, in 13 months while T-P increased by 47%. In most of the test sites, population densities of sulfate reducing bacterial (SRB) groups (Desulfobacteraceae_uc_s, Desulfobacterales_ uc_s, Desulfuromonadaceae_uc_s, Desulfuromonas_g1_uc, and Desulfobacter postgatei) and Anaerolinaeles was observed to generally decrease after the bioaugmentation while those of Gamma-proteobacteria (NOR5-6B_s and NOR5-6A_s), Bacteroidales_ uc_s, and Flavobacteriales_uc_s appeared to generally increase. Aerobic microbial communities (Flavobacteriaceae_uc_s) were dominant in St. 4 that showed the highest level of DO and least level of COD. These microbial communities could be used as an indicator organism to monitor the restoration process. The alpha diversity indices (OTUs, Chao1, and Shannon) of microbial communities generally decreased after the augmentation. Fast uniFrac analysis of all the samples of different sites and dates showed that there was a similarity in the microbial community structures regardless of samples as the augmentation advanced in comparison with before- and early bioaugmentation event, indicating occurrence of changing of the indigenous microbial community structures. It was concluded that the bioaugmentation could improve the polluted water quality and simultaneously change the microbial community structures via their niche changes. This in situ remediation technology will contribute to an eco-friendly and economically cleaning up of polluted streams of brine water and freshwater. | ||
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