Title |
Antimicrobial efficacy of endophytic Penicillium purpurogenum ED76 against clinical pathogens and its possible mode of action |
Author |
Tong Woei Yenn1,2*, Darah Ibrahim1, Lee Kok Chang1,3, Syarifah Ab Rashid1,4, Leong Chean Ring2, Tan Wen Nee5, and Muhamad Izham bin Muhamad Noor1 |
Address |
1Industrial Biotechnology Research Laboratory, School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia, 2Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Malaysian Institute of Chemical and Bioengineering Technology, Lot 1988 Kawasan Perindustrian Bandar Vendor, Taboh Naning, 78000 Alor Gajah, Melaka, Malaysia, 3Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Jalan Universiti, Bandar Barat, 31900 Kampar, Perak, Malaysia, 4Institute for Food Security and Sustainable Agriculture, Universiti Malaysia Kelantan, Pengkalan Chepa, Taman Bendahara, 16100 Kota Bharu, Kelantan, Malaysia, 5School of Distance Education, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Minden, Penang, Malaysia |
Bibliography |
Korean Journal of Microbiology, 53(3),193-199, 2017 |
DOI |
https://doi.org/10.7845/kjm.2017.7022
|
Key Words |
Penicillium purpurogenum, Swietenia macrophylla,
antimicrobial activity, endophyte |
Abstract |
This study was aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of
Penicillium purpurogenum ED76 on several clinically important
microorganisms. The endophytic fungus P. purpurogenum ED76
was previously isolated from Swietenia macrophylla leaf. The
antimicrobial efficacy of P. purpurogenum ED76 dichloromethane
extract was determined via disc diffusion and broth microdilution
assay. A kill curve study was conducted and the morphology of
extract treated bacterial cells were viewed under scanning electron
microscope. The dichloromethane extract showed significant
inhibitory activity on 4 test bacteria and 2 test yeasts. The
minimal inhibitory concentration of the extract ranged from
125 to 1,000 μg/ml, which indicates the different susceptibility
levels of the test microorganisms to the fungal extract. The kill
curve study has revealed a concentration-dependent inhibition
for all test microorganisms. With the increase of the extract
concentration, the microbial growth was significantly reduced.
The scanning electron micrograph of dichloromethane extracttreated
Staphylococcus aureus cells showed the total damage
of the cells. The cell wall invagination of the bacterial cells also
indicates the loss of cellular materials and metabolic activity.
The gas chromatography mass spectrometry analysis of the
extract also showed that the major compound was stigmasterol,
which constitutes 45.30% of the total area. The dichloromethane
extract of P. purpurogenum ED76 exhibited significant inhibitory
activity on several clinically important bacteria and yeasts. The
study proposed a possible mode of action that the extract cause
significant damage to the morphology of S. aureus cells. |
Download PDF |
53(3)_06_p.193-199[HM2017-022].pdf |