| Title | Antifungal Activities of the Essential Oils in Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. Et Perry and Leptospermum petersonii Bailey and their Constituents against Various Dermatophytes |
|---|---|
| Author | Mi-Jin Park1, Ki-Seob Gwak1, In Yang2, Won-Sil Choi3, Hyun-Jin Jo4, Je-Won Chang5, Eui-Bae Jeung6, and In-Gyu Choi1* |
| Address | 1Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea, 2Research Institute for Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-921, Republic of Korea, 3Hansol Homedeco Co. Ltd., Iksan 570-998, Republic of Korea, 4Korea Forest Research Institute, Seoul 130-712, Republic of Korea, 5Enbita Co. Ltd., Seoul 260-199, Republic of Korea, 6College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Republic of Korea |
| Bibliography | Journal of Microbiology, 45(5),460-465, 2007, |
| DOI | |
| Key Words | Leptospermum petersonii, Syzygium aromaticum, essential oil, antifungal activity, dermatophytes, transmission electron microscopy |
| Abstract | This study was carried out in order to investigate the potential of using plant oils derived from Leptospermum petersonii Bailey and Syzygium aromaticum L. Merr. Et Perry as natural antifungal agents. The antifungal effects of essential oils at concentrations of 0.05, 0.1, 0.15, and 0.2 mg/ml on the dermatophytes Microsporum canis (KCTC 6591), Trichophyton mentagrophytes (KCTC 6077), Trichophyton rubrum (KCCM 60443), Epidermophyton floccosum (KCCM 11667), and Microsporum gypseum were evaluated using the agar diffusion method. The major constituents of the active fraction against the dermatophytes were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography analysis. The antifungal activities of S. aromaticum oil (clove oil) against the dermatophytes tested were highest at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, with an effectiveness of more than 60%. Hyphal growth was completely inhibited in T. mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, and M. gypseum by treatment with clove oil at a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml. Eugenol was the most effective antifungal constituent of clove oil against the dermatophytes T. mentagrophytes and M. canis. Morphological changes in the hyphae of T. mentagrophytes, such as damage to the cell wall and cell membrane and the expansion of the endoplasmic reticulum, after treatment with 0.11 mg/ml eugenol were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). At a concentration of 0.2 mg/ml, L. petersonii oil (LPO) was more than 90% effective against all of the dermatophytes tested, with the exception of T. rubrum. Geranial was determined to be the most active antifungal constituent of L. petersonii oil. Taken together, the results of this study demonstrate that clove and tea tree oils exhibited significant antifungal activities against the dermatophytes tested in this study. |
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