Title |
MINIREVIEW] Stress responses in Streptococcus species and their effects on the host |
Author |
Cuong Thach Nguyen, Sang-Sang Park, and Dong-Kwon Rhee* |
Address |
School of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Su-Won 16419, Republic of Korea |
Bibliography |
Journal of Microbiology, 53(11),741-749, 2015,
|
DOI |
10.1007/s12275-015-5432-6
|
Key Words |
Streptococcus, host environment, two-component
system, heat-shock stress, oxidative stress, antibiotic-induced
stress |
Abstract |
Streptococci cause a variety of diseases, such as dental caries,
pharyngitis, meningitis, pneumonia, bacteremia, endocarditis,
erysipelas, and necrotizing fasciitis. The natural niche of this
genus of bacteria ranges from the mouth and nasopharynx
to the skin, indicating that the bacteria will inevitably be subjected
to environmental changes during invasion into the host,
where it is exposed to the host immune system. Thus, the
Streptococcus-host interaction determines whether bacteria are
cleared by the host’s defenses or whether they survive after
invasion to cause serious diseases. If this interaction was to
be deciphered, it could aid in the development of novel preventive
and therapeutic agents. Streptococcus species possess
many virulent factors, such as peroxidases and heat-shock
proteins (HSPs), which play key roles in protecting the bacteria
from hostile host environments. This review will discuss
insights into the mechanism(s) by which streptococci adapt
to host environments. Additionally, we will address how streptococcal
infections trigger host stress responses; however,
the mechanism by which bacterial components modulate
host stress responses remains largely unknown. |