Title |
REVIEW] Targeting friend and foe: Emerging therapeutics in the age of gut microbiome and disease |
Author |
Jin Ah Cho1 and Daniel J.F. Chinnapen2,3,4* |
Address |
1Department of Food and Nutrition, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Republic of Korea, 2Division of Gastroenterology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston 02115, USA, 3Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston 02115, USA, 4Harvard Digestive Diseases Center, Boston 02115, USA |
Bibliography |
Journal of Microbiology, 56(3),183–188, 2018,
|
DOI |
10.1007/s12275-018-8037-z
|
Key Words |
microbiome, therapeutics, fecal transplantation,
inflammatory bowel disease |
Abstract |
Mucosal surfaces that line our gastrointestinal tract are continuously
exposed to trillions of bacteria that form a symbiotic
relationship and impact host health and disease. It is only beginning
to be understood that the cross-talk between the host
and microbiome involve dynamic changes in commensal bacterial
population, secretion, and absorption of metabolites
between the host and microbiome. As emerging evidence
implicates dysbiosis of gut microbiota in the pathology and
progression of various diseases such as inflammatory bowel
disease, obesity, and allergy, conventional treatments that either
overlook the microbiome in the mechanism of action,
or eliminate vast populations of microbes via wide-spectrum
antibiotics need to be reconsidered. It is also becoming clear
the microbiome can influence the body’s response to therapeutic
treatments for cancers. As such, targeting the microbiome
as treatment has garnered much recent attention and
excitement from numerous research labs and biotechnology
companies. Treatments range from fecal microbial transplantation
to precision-guided molecular approaches. Here, we
survey recent progress in the development of innovative therapeutics
that target the microbiome to treat disease, and highlight
key findings in the interplay between host microbes and
therapy. |