| Title | Astragaloside IV reversed the autophagy and oxidative stress induced by the intestinal microbiota of AIS in mice |
|---|---|
| Author | Nan Xu1, Pengcheng Kan2,3, Xiuhua Yao3,4, Ping Yang2,3, Jiwei Wang3,5, Lei Xiang3,6*, and Yu Zhu2,3* |
| Address | 1Department of Infections Diseases, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, P. R. China, 2Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China, 3Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vessels and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China, 4Tianjin Neurosurgery Institute, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China, 5Department of Neurosurgery, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China, 6Department of Neurology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P. R. China |
| Bibliography | Journal of Microbiology, 56(11),838–846, 2018, |
| DOI | 10.1007/s12275-018-8327-5 |
| Key Words | acute ischaemic stroke, transient ischaemic attack, intestinal microecology, oxidative stress, Astragaloside IV, autophagy |
| Abstract | Acute ischaemic stroke (AIS) seriously affects patient quality of life. We explored the role of the intestinal microbiota on oxidative stress and autophagy in stroke, and Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) reversed the changes induced by intestinal microbiota. We determined the characteristics of the intestinal microbiota of AIS and transient ischaemic attack (TIA) patients by 16S sequencing and found that the structure and diversity of the intestinal microbiota in patients with AIS and TIA were significantly different from those in healthy subjects. Specifically, the abundance of genus Bifidobacterium, Megamonas, Blautia, Holdemanella, and Clostridium, content of homocysteine and triglyceride was increased significantly, thus it may be as a potential mechanism of AIS and TIA. Furthermore, germ-free mice were infused intracolonically with fecal supernatants of TIA and AIS with/without feed AS-IV for 12 weeks, and we found that the feces of AIS up-regulated the autophagy markers Beclin-1, light chain 3 (LC3)-II and autophagy-related gene (Atg)12, and the expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and NADPH oxidase 2/4 (NOX2/4), malondialdehyde (MDA), however, the expression of total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) was down-regulated in brain tissue, the content of homocysteine and free fatty acids (FFA) in serum of the mice. Meanwhile, AS-IV could reverse the above phenomenon, however, it does not affect the motor function of mice. AS-IV reversed these changes and it may be a potential drug for AIS therapeutics. |