Title |
Manganese Transporter Proteins in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium |
Author |
Nakyeong Ha1 and Eun‑Jin Lee2* |
Address |
1Department of Life Sciences, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea, 2Lee |
Bibliography |
Journal of Microbiology, 61(3),289-296, 2023,
|
DOI |
10.1007/s12275-023-00027-7
|
Key Words |
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium · Metal cofactor · Manganese homeostasis · Transporter proteins ·
Pathogenesis |
Abstract |
The metal cofactors are essential for the function of many enzymes. The host restricts the metal acquisition of pathogens for
their immunity and the pathogens have evolved many ways to obtain metal ions for their survival and growth. Salmonella
enterica serovar Typhimurium also needs several metal cofactors for its survival, and manganese has been found to contribute
to Salmonella pathogenesis. Manganese helps Salmonella withstand oxidative and nitrosative stresses. In addition,
manganese affects glycolysis and the reductive TCA, which leads to the inhibition of energetic and biosynthetic metabolism.
Therefore, manganese homeostasis is crucial for full virulence of Salmonella. Here, we summarize the current information
about three importers and two exporters of manganese that have been identified in Salmonella. MntH, SitABCD, and ZupT
have been shown to participate in manganese uptake. mntH and sitABCD are upregulated by low manganese concentration,
oxidative stress, and host NRAMP1 level. mntH also contains a Mn2+-
dependent riboswitch in its 5′ UTR. Regulation of
zupT expression requires further investigation. MntP and YiiP have been identified as manganese efflux proteins. mntP is
transcr!ptionally activated by MntR at high manganese levels and repressed its activity by MntS at low manganese levels.
Regulation of yiiP requires further analysis, but it has been shown that yiiP expression is not dependent on MntS. Besides
these five transporters, there might be additional transporters that need to be identified. |